International trade plays an important role in global economic development in the era of globalization. This process involves the exchange of goods and services between countries, allowing access to wider markets. With increasing interconnectedness between countries, new opportunities emerge for entrepreneurs and investors. However, the challenges faced are also increasingly complex. One of the main opportunities in international trade is access to new markets. Countries can export their products and services to international markets, increasing income and creating jobs. For example, technology industries in developing countries such as India and Indonesia have benefited from global demand for IT services, contributing to significant economic growth. Additionally, international trade allows countries to utilize existing resources more efficiently. Countries can produce certain goods at lower production costs, then export them to other countries that need these goods. This model is known as “comparative advantage,” in which countries focus on producing the goods they are best at, thereby creating efficiencies and strengthening international relations. However, challenges in international trade cannot be ignored. One of the main issues is protectionism, where countries impose high tariffs and other trade barriers to protect domestic industries. This policy can hinder the growth of global trade and reduce the benefits of free trade. As a result, this can lead to tensions between countries, creating potential trade conflicts. Policy changes and political instability also pose significant challenges. When governments change, international trade policies can change drastically, adding uncertainty for entrepreneurs and investors. In addition, regulatory issues and product standardization often make it difficult for companies to enter foreign markets, given the differences in regulations in each country. Globalization also brings challenges to environmental sustainability. Increased delivery of goods and services can worsen the environmental impacts of economic activity, such as carbon emissions. Therefore, it is important to find ways to integrate environmentally friendly practices in international trade. Information and communications technology (ICT) has made access to international markets easier, but this also comes with risks. Cyber threats and data theft are becoming increasingly common, so companies must invest in cybersecurity to protect their information. Understanding the culture and business ethics of foreign countries is very important in international trade. Failure to respect local norms can result in costly mistakes and reputational damage. Therefore, companies need to conduct in-depth research before entering a new market. In the era of globalization, innovation is the key to competing in international markets. Companies that are able to adapt quickly to changing market trends and develop new products that meet consumer needs will be more successful. This can include developing local products that suit the tastes and preferences of consumers in different countries. It is important to develop a strong global network. Strategic partnerships with international distributors and suppliers can open new opportunities and reduce risks. Collaboration with governments and international institutions can help create an environment that supports fair and sustainable trade. Overall, although international trade in the era of globalization offers many opportunities, the challenges that exist require special attention. With the right understanding and mature strategy, businesses can maximize their potential in the global market.